A vitamin B12 deficiency may result in nerve pain or damage due to a reduction in the protective layer or sheath that covers the nerve cells, called Myelin. This makes the nerve cells more prone to damage and ultimately resulting in the pins and needles sensations that characterize diabetic neuropathy or nerve pain.
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Joint Pain is nothing but the Joint inflammation, which causes due to the wear and tear of the joint. There are many joints in the human body, and it can appear in any part and leave you irritated with the continuous pain. There are certain medications available that reduce the pain and inflammation, but the treatment is lifelong.
Dr. Nitiraj Oberoi, Consultant-Orthopedic Surgeon, Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Delhi talks about the Joint Pain Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options. He also emphasizes the need for following a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of Joint Pain and inflammation.
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Dr. Ebraheim’s educational animated video describes painful conditions associated with the knee, the etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests and special maneuvers, and treatment options.
Common knee problems:
Patellar chondromalacia
•chronic pain due to softening of the cartilage beneath the kneecap.
•Chronic knee pain from mild to complete erosion of the cartilage in the back of the kneecap.
•Pain in the front of the knee.
•Occurs more in young people.
•Becomes worse from climbing up and down the stairs.
•Treatment: usually therapy, NSAIDS.
Patellar bursitis
•Pain and inflammation located in the front of the kneecap.
•The bursa becomes inflamed and fills with fluid at the top of the knee.
•Causes pain, swelling, tenderness and a lump in the area on top of the kneecap.
Ligament injury
Lateral collateral ligament rupture: usually occurs as a result of sports activities.
Medial collateral ligament rupture: injury to the ligament on the inner part of the knee. The most commonly injured knee ligament.
Anterior cruciate ligament tear:
•involves a valgus stress to the knee.
•Usually the patient will have swelling and hematoma.
•Lachman’s test is positive.
•MRI is diagnostic.
Patellar tendonitis
•Inflammation and pain located inferior to the knee cap area.
Meniscal Tear
•Meniscus is a cushion that protects the cartilage of the knee.
•Injury will cause pain on the medial or lateral side of the knee.
•Outer 30% of meniscus has blood supply.
•mcMurrays test is positive.
•History of locking, swelling and instability of the knee.
•MRI is helpful.
Arthritis of the knee joint
•Characterized by progressive wearing away of the cartilage of the joint.
•The knee is a common part of the body that is most affected by arthritis.
•Decreased joint space.
Baker’s cyst
•Swelling in the back of the knee filled with synovial fluid.
•Cyst between the semimembranous and medial gastrocnemius muscles.
Gout
•Type of arthritis or joint inflammation caused by an excessive level of uric acid in the blood.
•Can affect any joint especially the big toe.
•Crystals look like needles and have a negative birefringence.
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It is easy to confuse the symptoms of Coronavirus infection with Fever and Flu. Some of the common symptoms include fever, dry cough, sore throat, breathing difficulty and runny nose. Dr S M Fayaz, an acclaimed General Physician with over 9 years of experience, helps us understand the difference between the Fever, Flu and Coronavirus Fever Symptoms. He answers some important questions like how to know if it is normal flu or Coronavirus fever, is fever a mandatory symptom of Coronavirus, what is the nature of fever during Coronavirus infection and what are the types of fever.
Video breakdown:
0:16 – What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
0:45 – What are the symptoms of a flu?
0:55 – I have a prolonged fever, what could it be?
1:25 – What causes fever? What are the types of fever: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral or Parasitic?
2:14 – How can I prevent a fever?
Watch Corona Symptoms in Hindi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-SJrDWwINM
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Video Transcript:
Patients come to us with flu symptoms and most of them have a panic situation that they have acquired COVID-19 disease. See, COVID-19 generally has a high grade of fever, point number 1
Point number 2, they have sore throat. One more thing is, they present with dry cough
And patients start to have difficulty in breathing
The fever is not subsiding even after three days
And the patient continues to have breathing difficulties
The definitely he has to consult a local physician
In normal flu, fever is generally in milder form
They have simple sore throat which subsides in three days on its own
Fever is a very simple term, but it has so much in it
There are fevers that do not have flu as well
Like, an episode of three to four days of fever
following which there is body pain, joints pain and all that
So in that case it might be a dengue fever or malarial fever
Malarial fevers generally present with fever with chills and all that
which occurs every two days
If a fever is not subsiding for three days then have to generally contact a physician
Fever is generally due to an infectious cause and an non infectious cause
The most common are infectious cause
Infectious fevers again the causes are multiple
Like bacterial infections are more common and viral fevers are more common
There are fungal infections, there will be parasitic infections as well
Like Malaria, Helmentia
Non infectious causes of fever are also plenty
All the cancers like Lymphoma, Leukemia, they present with persistent fevers running for long days
Drugs like Atropine can cause fever
In heat stroke too the patient might have a fever
which is a non infectious cause
So the reasons for fever are plenty
So we have to find out what are the causes of fever
for that you need to consult a physician
You cannot prevent most of the fevers
Few fevers like malaria and dengue, vector borne fevers can be controlled by effectively maintaining the hygiene around the environment
Cover19 disease, in which individual hygiene matters a lot
Maintaining hygiene of your hands, maintaining social distancing
and using masks in crowded places.
If the patient has fever with flu
I request them to just isolate themselves to a single room
And if the patient has any other symptoms aggravating like
high grade of fever is still persistent
or breathing difficulty or something like that is there
for that you need to consult a physician
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What are the benefits of Vitamin B? What are the symptoms of Vitamin B deficiency? What are Vitamin B rich foods? Are there any easy sources of Vitamin B complex? What are the types of Vitamin B? Who is prone to Vitamin B deficiency? Dr Rajesh Bhardwaj, a senior ENT specialist, tells us all about Vitamin B and its supplementation.
Video Breakdown:
0:33 What is Vitamin B
0:55 Importance of Vitamin B
1:45 Vitamin B Deficiency
2:16 Prone to Vitamin B Deficiency
2:34 Sources of Vitamin B
3:10 Vitamin B Supplementation
#vitaminbsources #vitaminbdeficiency #vitaminbcomplex
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Video Transcript:
Introduction
Sometimes, certain people may be deficient in Vitamin B. There are some signs that are
indicative of a deficiency of Vitamin B complex. A simple blood test is done to determine your
serum B complex levels and that will tell you whether you are deficient and if you're deficient
you can take supplementation!
Understanding Vitamin B
Vitamin B Complex is a large group of vitamins – Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9 and B12.
They are also called by their individual names Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid,
Pyridoxine, Biotin, Folic Acid and Cobalamin.
Importance of Vitamin B
They are all important for bodily functions. They are the building blocks of the human body and
are critical for the human body function. They are responsible for cellular metabolism,
maintaining mental activities and energy levels. Vitamin B complex helps build up red blood
cells or hemoglobin, enables us to have good vision, maintains good cellular function, and are
responsible for neural and muscular functions. They create and help us to have a good appetite.
They are responsible for heart function. Very importantly, pregnant women need a sufficient
amount of Vitamin B Complex for the fetus to develop well, without defects.
Signs of deficiency
These are skin rashes, cracks around the mouth like dryness and cracking scaly lesions on the
lips, swollen tongue, fatigue, weakness, anaemia, irritability or depression, sometimes mental
confusion, Nausea, diarrhea and abdominal cramps. These are some of the common
symptoms of vitamin B complex deficiency.
People who are prone to Vitamin B deficiency
People who are more at risk of developing vitamin B complex deficiency are those who have
celiac disease, ulcerative colitis, chronic alcohol users and sometimes, people with rheumatoid
arthritis and Crohn's disease and HIV. People with these diseases may not be able to absorb
enough vitamin B complex from the intestine and they suffer from deficiencies.
Sources of Vitamin B
Vitamin B12 is readily available to us in a variety of food forms from milk, cheese, eggs and
meat. It is also available to us in green leafy vegetables like spinach. You can also get it from
cereals like wheat germ. It is readily available in nutritional yeast, nuts and seeds, which have
plenty of vitamin B complex. Also, fruits such as citrus fruits, banana and watermelon contain
good quantities of Vitamin B complex.
Do we need vitamin B complex supplementation?
As we have seen most of us get it from our daily food and we do not need supplementation.
There are certain situations where you might need to supplement particularly those who suffer
from chronic alcoholism. Additionally, pregnant ladies may need extra folic acid so that they can
have healthy babies. Those who eat a purely vegetarian diet can sometimes be nutritionally
deficient and sometimes they may be deficient in Vitamin B.
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Want to get the quick facts about mental illness? Watch this video to learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Click to read more: https://mrkmnls.co/2Y80A3J
About The Merck Manuals:
First published in 1899 as a small reference book for physicians and pharmacists, The Merck Manual grew in size and scope to become one of the world’s most widely used comprehensive medical resources for professionals and consumers. As The Manual evolved, it continually expanded the reach and depth of its offerings to reflect the mission of providing the best medical information to a wide cross-section of users, including medical professionals and students, veterinarians and veterinary students, and consumers.
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